Pyramids in Giza Hefrens Funeral complex and the Sphinx the Sphinx
This well-known monument on which district it is possible to get through the temple in the plain, is cut out from layers of myagenky limestone leaving on a surface which allegedly remained here after more rigid stone surrounding it has been applied to construction of the Stately pyramid. But, as the stone of the basis was very myagenky to work specifically at it, before final processing it has been imposed with more rigid stone. The usual archeology argues that the thought of creation of a figure with a lion's body and the human head belongs to Hefren. The head is quite often identified with Hefren's head (the decorated royal beard and уреус though it can show and any protecting deity. Say that тыщи years later the ambassador of creation of a stately monument of Tutmos of IV has seen a dream that if it will clear sand which has absorbed the Sphinx, is will make him the governor. The prediction was carried out, as about it is told on laying, which it has arranged between sculpture paws. All these statements remained in force till 1991 when two American geologists have declared that the Sphinx itself a little on 2600 is more senior, than it was necessary till this moment: the stone of its basis is very worn-out and dim water, maybe, it is created at the time of the Nabtiysky plyuvialny period (3000-1200) . The director of the Supreme council for antiquities Zavi Havas tears away this argument, referring to the analysis of the basis of the Sphinx, Gett led by institute. As a result of the analysis conclusions have been made that the erosion has been caused by effect of mineral salts in a plateau and/or winds. The contradiction has admired loner Egyptologist John Vest who proclaimed a long time that the Egyptian civilisation is the successor of older, lost culture - fantastic Atlantis. The title "Sphinx" truly has been given by old Greeks by name the well-known creation which asked riddles to passing by travellers and killed what answered incorrectly. Arabs named him Abu el-Hol (Making tremble, or Terrible).
During training firing practice мамлюков and Napoleonic armies the Sphinx has lost the huge part of a beard being at present in the English museum, and during the 2nd world war it has been filled up with sand for protection.
The 1st modern repair work has brought more harm, than utility as porous limestone "breathes" unlike cement which was used for a zadelyvaniye of cracks. Deterioration of a condition of the Sphinx is influenced by pairs of harmful chemical substances from sewage and fires of the nearby settlement of Nazlat el-Samman. In the course of the new restoration project (1989-1998) have been manually cut out 10 тыщ calcareous blocks for restoration of paws, feet and hips of a small animal. Absent nose and a beard have not been changed specially.
Snutri Sfinksa is three tunnels, one under the head, one in a tail and one on North side. Their mission is unclear, and any of them anywhere does not conduct. Nearby the Sphinx other tunnels have been dug out also, but besides nobody knows, who has built them and why they intended. One of guesses consists that they were dug by the most ancient Egyptians during later times, trying to find the buried treasures.
During representations "Light and shade" is assigned a part to the Sphinx of the story-teller.
