Heliopolis (Masr al-Gadida) Cosmology
In a cosmogony of Heliopolis the world has begun from аква chaos (Nong) who on primary hillock left Atum, god of the sun, and has spat out divine twins Shue (air) and Tefnut (water). They have generated Geba (earth) and Nut (sky) which alliance has generated Isida, Osiris, the Set and to Neftida. Later texts quite often considered this divine Eneada (Nine)
as a uniform essence while the world has been conditionally presented by Shue's figures, Nut and Geb. Eventually (for the unknown reasons) primary deity Atum has been absorbed by Re or Ra, even more powerful expression of god of the sun.
Ра proved in almost all forms: in the form of Ra-Horakhti with the head of a carnivorous bird (Firmament chorus), Hepri's (rising sun) bug, Aton disk (the midday sun) and Atum (the coming sun). Egyptians believed that Ra rises every morning in the east, takes place on the sky in own solar boat and in the evening plunges into the western earth dead, that in a night to pass through Duat (The kingdom dead) and again to seem at sunrise. This travel bezizbezhno connected Ra with the myth about Osiris, and since the V dynasty for Pharaohs began neotklonimy to declare itself descendants of Ra, identifying itself with Chorus or Osiris. The cult of Ra was exclusive as the Pharaoh and priests had access to a sanctuary of Ra only. The daily rituals which were carried out to a sanctuary of Ra, have been acquired by other cults and have indissolubly intertwined with worship Osiris soon "Karnak" and "Abydos", chapter 2). The ordinary people which role in religious rites it has been limited to public holidays, worshipped to the smallest, more "available" gods.
