LAMINATED BENDS
Thin strips or laminations of wood glued and bent to a curve will not revert to their former shape because each strip is in effect concentric and of fractionally smaller …
SAW KERFING
This traditional method is not now used to any great extent in production furniture-making, but it still has an important role in smaller workshops, as it is often a more …
Bevelled and coopered joints
PENCIL RUB 318 Bevelled and coopered joints Bevelled joints are edge joints at any preset angle other than 45°, at which angle they are termed mitre joints, while coopered joints …
Curved work
Permanent curves in wood can be achieved by the following methods: 1 Cutting to shape from the solid timber 2 Steam bending 3 Coopering 4 Saw kerfing 5 Laminating thin …
LIPPINGS/EDGINGS
Exposed edges of plywood, laminboard. chipboard, etc. must be masked or edged, although in the cheapest work such edges are sometimes filled and stained or painted with water-based pigments (poster …
WORKING MOULDINGS
Some form of spindle-moulder/-shaper or highspeed router is almost indispensable in any trade workshop, but where such facilities do not exist or the length of moulding required hardly justifies grinding …
VENEERED MOULDINGS
Where veneered mouldings have to be veneered and a vacuum-bag press is not available, the traditional sandbag method can be employed. The bag should be made up out of twill …
CROSS-GRAIN MOULDINGS
One of the delights of antique walnut furniture is the rich cross-grained mouldings usually found in the best work. Some 30 years ago the fashion was revived, using cross-grain veneers …
Mouldings and lippings/edgings
The decline in the popularity of moulded sections dates from the introduction of plywoods and machine techniques, and is a good example of new materials and their manipulation influencing design. …
GLUING THE GROUNDWORK/ SUBSTRATE
Hide glue, shoemakers' paste, dextrin, casein and Cascamite One Shot glue can be used for laying leather, leathercloths and baizes, while wood glue is useful for edges. Animal and paste …
Table lining
Hitherto a separate craft, the lining-in of inset leather or baize surfaces to table - and desk-tops was usually passed over to small specialist firms who also gold blocked the …
STORAGE OF VENEERS
All veneers should be stored flat in a dry, even atmosphere and protected from the light. Decorative veneers, curls, feathers, etc. intended for pattern-making should be numbered with chalk (not …
OYSTER-SHELL VENEERING
Thin slices about 1/16 in (1.5 mm) thick cut transversely from the branches of lignum vitae, olive, laburnum, mulberry or walnut to yield an oyster-shell effect were often used in …
Marquetry-work
This was a later development of true inlay or intarsia-work, and the rendering was always much freer with scrolls, bunches of flowers, etc. covering the ground/substrate. Veneers or materials in …
INLAY LINES, BANDINGS, ETC
It is a little sad that inlaid lines and bandings are no longer used in modern furniture, for they add great richness and a touch of welcome colour. Figure 302:1 …
Cleaning off patterned work
Complicated assemblies of different kinds of veneer or veneers with wild fluctuations in grain should be left for as long as possible under pressure. Even when released they should be …
PATTERN VENEERING
Considerable artistry is called for in the selection and matching of veneers for pattern - making, for the results can be beautiful or truly horrible, according to the skill of …
RUBBER BAG VENEERING
A method of veneering curved work and forming laminated shapes which has supplanted the traditional sandbag technique, except for occasional work, is the rubber envelope which can take the place …
Yorkite crossbanding veneer
A recent development is the use of a manufactured pure wood cellulose fibre sheet in lieu of a natural wood veneer, produced by the NVF Company of Wilmington, Delaware, and …
Border crossbandings
Various treatments are shown in 293:3-6 with (3) against an inlaid boxwood or ebony line, (4, 5) shaped bandings and (6) a shaped panel. In all handwork the central panel …
CROSS VENEERING
All veneers laid at right angles to the grain direction of the groundwork/substrate are classed as cross veneers, but more specifically the term cross veneering is applied to narrow widths …
VENEERING PARTICLE BOARD
Chipboard (particle board) should be veneered with synthetic resin glue, for hide glues may or may not take over the resin impregnated surface and water-based glues tend to swell up …
BALANCING VENEERS
Veneers laid with hide glue will pull even the thickest groundwork/substrate into cup as it dries out, and even resin glues with their reduced moisture content will cause slight warping. …
PRESSURE VENEERING WITH RESIN GLUES
Resin glues offer very definite advantages, for the glues set at ordinary room temperatures and the application of heat is optional according to the required rapidity of the set. As …
Protection of edges
Edges of veneers laid with hide glue have a tendency to lift or splinter out particularly in the long grain, and they are, therefore, protected either by applied mouldings or …
Hand laying veneers
The veneers must be laid one sheet at a time, for built-up patterns taped together cannot be laid by this process, as will become evident. A fast worker could no …
HAND-VENEERING WITH HIDE GLUES
Almost without exception all veneering of new work is now done with modern synthetic resin or casein glues—the latter may be considered a natural plastic—using cramping/clamping pressure. However, the traditional …
Advanced techniques 32 Veneering, marquetry and inlay
The art of veneering—and there is or should be considerable art in the selection and matching of veneers—is over 4000 years old; it is not in any sense a method …
Knock-up (KU) and knock-down (KD) fittings
Both are mechanical means of assembly employing a variety of metal or nylon fittings which replace standard jointing procedures. Knock-up fittings are those designed for the speedy erection of structures …
HANDLES, KNOBS AND PULLS
It is axiomatic that handles can make or mar a piece of furniture. The first essential is that they should provide the necessary grip, strong enough for a direct pull …
Catches, bolts and handles
CATCHES Magnetic catches with ferrite or ticonal nickel alloy magnets (the latter have greater holding power in small diameters) have a practically unlimited life with a probable strength loss of …
BOOKCASE FITTINGS
Loose shelves in cupboards and bookcases can be adjusted at various heights by several methods. Studs and sockets (272:1, 2) require holes to take the sockets drilled at regular intervals …
PEDESTAL LOCKING ACTIONS
Locking actions for pedestal drawers, in which the locking of one drawer—usually at the top— automatically secures all the other drawers in the pedestal, were usually effected by incorporating a …
Fall flap locks
Fall flaps which are inset, i. e. closing within the carcass framing, can be secured with standard till or drawer locks, but lay-on or onset flaps closing over the carcass …
FITTING LOCKS
The cutting in of a typical till or drawer lock is shown in 265. The dimensions of the face plate are first lightly set out and gauged on the drawer …
