The Dynamic Landscape

Designed urban herbaceous vegetation

There are many examples of these in gardens and parks, however very few are naturalistic (as defined in this text) in conception and their existence is dependent on traditional intensive maintenance. As such, they are essentially outside the scope of this text. A herbaceous vegetation that is relatively common and able to persist in perpetuity with only minimal maintenance input is bulbs planted in seasonally mown grass (Table 6.8). Over the past 20 years this has become a popular vegetation in urban parks, albeit in rather depauperate form, often involving Narcissus cultivars only. Far richer versions of this vegetation type can be found in botanical gardens and private gardens. Probably the best example in Britain of this style occurs in the garden at Great Dixter in East Sussex (Lloyd 1976a, 1976b).

Designed urban herbaceous vegetation

6.7

Dutch crocus cultivars planted in grass at Kew. This produces a dramatic but short season display that can be extended by planting bulbs in meadows rather than mown grass

Designed urban herbaceous vegetation

6.8

Camassia leitchlinii planted into a mixed native-exotic wet meadow by

the author on experimental plots at RHS Harlow Carr, Harrogate

Here a wide diversity of bulbs have been planted in relatively unproductive meadow grassland over the past 100 years. Flowering commences in autumn with Colchicum and Crocus, then continues with a succession of species through to early summer with Gladiolus communis subsp. byzantinus and Iris latifolia. The bulbs are complemented by native and non-native meadow forbs and grasses to create an Elysian landscape. The grass is cut as hay in early August and in some areas is given a second cut in September to allow the autumn crocus to display their flowers without too much competition from the meadow grasses. The management of this system is described by Garrett and Dusoir (2001). Bulbs are generally easier to establish in meadow grasslands than many forbs, as they often avoid strong competition with grasses by growing early in the year, when grass growth is restricted by low temperatures (Figure 6.7).

Bulbs are part of many semi-natural herbaceous plant communities and can be used to provide spring interest. Their successful establishment generally depends on integrating their leaf phenology into the management system necessary to maintain the core plant community. In many cases they restrict, for example, spring mowing in meadow situations (Figure 6.8), and interfere with spring burning and other forms of weed management in prairie-like vegetation.

The Dynamic Landscape

Seed distribution

Depending on the area to be sown, broadcast sowing can be undertaken by hand by a chest-mounted spinning disk, a wheel-mounted spinning disk spreader or tractor-mounted equivalent. For really large-scale …

Soil types

As can be gathered from the section ‘Types of herbaceous plant communities: habitat stereotypes’, there is potentially an attractive naturalistic herbaceous vegetation for every site, no matter how wet or …

‘Robustness’ as established plants

This characteristic derives from the combination of high tolerance of competition, longevity and low palatability to slugs as established plants. When dealing with very weedy sites or sites where management …

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