Furniture Design

Dining, and Organizing

A home can be considered an organized closet, shaped by personal possessions and members of a family. Residential furniture provides the basic necessities of dwelling and includes freestanding and built-in furnishings that help meal preparation and dining, the organization of possessions, social gathering, work, rest, and play.

Architects Charles Rennie Mackintosh (1868-1928) and his wife, Margaret MacDonald (1864-1933), designed the interior spaces, furniture, millwork, and textiles when they designed Hill House in Helensburgh, Scotland (Figure 2.63).

The ladder-back chair in the bedroom is ebonized ash. The location and orienta­tion of the furnishings throughout the house are site specific, complement the architecture, and complete the interior spaces.

A place to sleep is an important component of a home. Beds can be built-in or freestand­ing. They can stack vertically upon one another as bunk beds do, or they can be designed as low beds on casters that can be rolled out from or into another, as a trundle bed. Canopy beds were popular in many large homes from feudal times to the early 1900s (Figure 2.64). Most canopy beds were fabricated out of wood and had draperies that could be closed for privacy and warmth. Canopy beds can be considered rooms within rooms that enclose space

Dining, and Organizing

Figure 2.63 Bedroom furnishings at Hill House, designed by Charles R. Mackintosh and Margaret MacDonald (1903-1904), Helensburgh, Scotland. Photography by Jim Postell, 1984.

 

Dining, and Organizing

Figure 2.64 Canopy bed in the State Bedroom, designed by Robert Adam for Osterley Park (1775-1776) Middlesex, England. The posts of the bed are made of satinwood, painted with black and green stripes and lines of bell­flowers; the plinths are inlaid; and the capitals are of gilt metal.14 Photography by Patrick Snadon.

 

Dining, and Organizingwithin a space. Defining space in a figural man­ner is distinct from creating and working with open space. Many of today's platform beds (such as the Maly bed shown in Figure 2.65) emphasize horizontal lines and are designed to complement

open, contemporary spaces.

Cots and stretchers serve as portable and folding structures for rest and sleep when con­ventional beds are not available. The portable stretcher shown in Figure 2.66 is made of wood, canvas, and galvanized hardware. Cots are versa­tile furnishings used for camping, natural disaster relief, and temporary bunking.

Dining is often considered the social activity Figure 2.65 Maly platform bed (2006), manufactured by Ligne Roset. Photography by in a home. While most furniture designed for Bernard Langenstein. Courtesy of Roset USA. dining is focused on adult use, children require

special attention. High chairs are used to provide safe access for the young when eating (Figure 2.67). Originally produced from wood and rigid in structure, today's chairs are often adjustable, easy to clean, durable, and made of molded plastics. The best designs offer support for the infant's feet.

Organizing

In Western societies, storage units and shelving systems have become necessities of con­temporary life. Even in hotel rooms (homes away from home), storage units and shelving

Dining, and Organizing

Figure 2.67 Highchair designed during the summer furniture workshop at the Danish Institute for Study Abroad (DIS) for the designer's young daughter (2005). Note the adjustable seat and foot-rest for the user. Photography by Bjorli Lundin.

 

Dining, and Organizing

Figure 2.66 Portable outdoor stretcher. Photography by Jim Postell, 2006.

 

systems are desired amenities. Architect Arne Jacobsen incorpo­rated built-in and freestanding furniture in the guest rooms he designed when he worked on the Radisson SAS Royal Hotel in Copenhagen, Denmark. Room 606 is preserved today exactly as it was originally designed in 1958 (Figure 2.68). The furnishings in the softly carpeted room include wall-mounted storage cabi­nets, built-in modular desks, sliding wall-mounted luminaries, open shelves, and freestanding chairs. The built-in desks are used to organize personal items and are accessible by raising their tops.

Kitchen Furnishings

Подпись: Figure 2.68 Built-in furnishings, room 606, Radisson SAS Royal Hotel, designed by Arne Jacobsen (1958), Copenhagen, Denmark. Photography by Jim Postell, 2006. Kitchens are places where meals are prepared and shared, equip­ment and food are stored, and people gather. Cabinets, counter spaces, built-in storage units, pantries, pie safes, tables, chairs, and stools serve pragmatic purposes and express cultural values. Contemporary American kitchens are generally open spaces with built-in counters, cabinets, and equipment integrated into the perimeter of the space (Figure 2.69). Older kitchens are generally smaller spaces composed of freestanding equipment, cupboards, tables, and chairs (Figure 2.70).

Dining, and Organizing

Figure 2.69 Contemporary kitchen (2005), with perimeter built-in and wall-mounted casework. Photography copyright © Scott Hisey, 2004.

 

Подпись: Figure 2.71 Retail cashwrap and reception area for a card shop, Connecker, Pennsylvania. Photography courtesy of Formica Corp. Figure 2.70 Early 1900s kitchen (1924), a small space with freestanding fixtures and equipment. Photography courtesy of Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, Reproduction No. 3b46012u. tiff.

Furniture Design

Built form and Culture

People from different cultural backgrounds view the built environment in different ways. Correlations between furniture, culture, and use develop into complex associations between built form and cul­ture. Culture is a …

MODERNISM

Modernism is more than a style. It is a philosophical way of thinking about architecture and design. It came into being in an emerging industrial world that rapidly embraced mechanization. …

Venustas

What distinctions can be made between aesthetics, a personal reaction to physical or visual stimuli and is subjec­tive. Pleasure is revealed by sensation through the tactile nature of materials, finishes, …

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