The themes of technological innovation, entrepreneurship, and organizing

BACKGROUND Research into Innovation and Sustainable Development

Recent social science research into innovation and sustainable development can be classified into two groups: cleaner technology and systems innova­tion (Smith, 2006). The latter is important since cleaner technologies are often not adopted without some transformation of socio-technical systems (ex. technology, policy, users, industry structure, markets, culture, infrastructure, science) (Weber et al., 1999). Researchers of systems innovation have been developing many theories and tools to promote the transitions required to make it possible to move innovations from laboratories to market.

One prominent school of thought in recent systems innovation debates is called Strategic Niche Management (SNM). Here niche is used to describe an emerging and innovative technol­ogy or system, and is vulnerable at the infancy. Studying the history of technology innovations, SNM scholars have analyzed processes to try to determine what is the best for successful develop­ment of niche. They have identified some strategic factors; broad and deep social networks, robust expectation shared between actors of a niche, and learning processes at multiple stages where the actors related to the niche learn about the design, user needs, cultural and political acceptability, and other aspects of the niche (Schot & Rip, 1996, Hoogma et al., 2002).

SNM researchers have taken a lot of case studies of the transition mechanism of various domains; products such as organic food, eco­efficient house etc., or public services such as biogas energy plant, waste water plants and so on (e. g. Smith, 2006; Raven & Geel, 2010; Dries et al., 2007). There are a few studies about aviation (Haan & Mulder, 2002; Kivits et al., 2010). More studies are expected to accelerate both the SNM research and the aviation sustainability, because systems innovation in the aviation sector is very difficult due to the long product lifecycle and huge sunk costs (Kivits et al., 2010). Furthermore, the development requires a lot of investment and gov­ernment supports, which causes WTO subsidies disputes. How the aviation sector will bring niches up is very interesting to the researchers of SNM.

The themes of technological innovation, entrepreneurship, and organizing

About the Contributors

Farley S. Nobre (PhD, MSc, BSc) is Professor at the School of Management of Federal University of Parana, Brazil. His research interests include organizations, knowledge management systems, innova­tion and sustainability. …

The Roles of Cognitive Machines in Customer — Centric Organizations: Towards Innovations in Computational Organizational Management Networks

Farley Simon Nobre Federal University of Parana, Brazil ABSTRACT This chapter proposes innovative features of future industrial organizations in order to provide them with the capabilities to manage high levels …

Tools That Drive Innovation: The Role of Information Systems in Innovative Organizations

Jason G. Caudill Carson-Newman College, USA ABSTRACT The purpose of this chapter is to examine computer technology as a tool to support innovation and innovative processes. The primary problem that …

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