The Technique of FURNITURE MAKING

FURNITURE FOR OUTSIDE USE

536 A sturdy music stand/reading lectern of rippled sycamore. Designed and made by Rod Wales

It is essential that the right materials are used for outside work, and this applies not only to the choice of wood but also to the choice of hardware and adhesives. If the appropriate materials are used, then outside furniture will give years of maintenance-free service.

Of the home-grown species oak, macrocarpa, yew, cedar of Lebanon and sweet chestnut are all ideal; similarly from the imported timbers, Burmese teak, iroko and Western red cedar are eminently suitable. They can be left with no finish whatsoever and they will mature over a period of time to a lovely silver grey. Alternatively, if it is felt desirable to preserve the richness of colour of the original wood, it is advisable to use only cedar type preservatives

537 Garden or patio tables in various diameters in dyed and natural oak. Designed and made by Lucinda Leech

which enable the timber to breathe, and to avoid varnishes and polyurethanes which require regular maintenance. There is. however, no need to use a preservative as such unless the wood itself is not naturally resistant, for example, normal construction softwood.

All glues used should be of the waterproof resin varieties favoured for boat-building, and all screws and hardware should be corrosion resistant.

These two visually striking tables and matching benches in elm illustrate that preciousness and fine cabinetwork are not the only areas of interest for the furniture-maker. Designed and made to commission in both cases by Ashley Cartwright, 539 shows a 6 ft (1800 mm) square table for the English National Trust, and 540 a 9 ft (2750 mm) table and chairs for a private client.

538 Circular bench with laminated curved rails commissioned by Gray's Inn. London. England. Designed and made by Luke Hughes

539 (facingpage, above) Large outdoor table made from elm. with metal understructure. Four cantilevered legs provide support for four separate top surfaces. Size 6 ft (1800 mm) square. Made for the English National Trust by Ashlev Cartwright

540 (facingpage, below) Large rectangular table and benches in wych elm. Size 9 ft (2750 mm) long. Made by Ashley Cartwright

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The Technique of FURNITURE MAKING

ESTIMATING THE COST OF MAN-HOURS IN HANDWORK

Where no previous records are available the proprietor must assess his own capabilities and those of his employees. Common joinery items are usually in softwood of fairly large dimensions, with …

Costs of man-hours

The total cost of man-hours at the rates paid, plus overtime rates where applicable, plus health insurance, pensions, paid holidays, etc. have to be considered. Here again these may be …

Appendix: Costing and estimating

Costing is the pricing of completed work taking into account not only all the direct expenses— materials, wages and insurances, fuel and power, machining costs, workshop expenses, etc.—but also a …

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