HACKBERRY
Botanical Name: Celtis occidentatis blackberry is elastic, shock-resistantand easy to bend, characteristics it shares with elm and ash; it is often used as an ash substitute in the furniture industry, blackberry trees grow to more than 100 feet tall. Although most hackberry is used for construction, the wood’s distinct figure makes it an attractive choice for veneers, cabinetwork and furniture.
Other Names: Sugarberry, hack-tree, bastard elm, net - tletree, beaverwood.
Sources: Eastern U. S.A. and southern Canada. Characteristics: Irregulargrain; moderately coarse texture; light brown with yellow bands.
Uses: Furniture, sports equipment, cabinetwork, plywood and veneers.
Workability: Generally good; dulls cutters moderately; interlocked grain requires reduced planing angle; good bending properties.
Finishing: Accepts finishes well; especially attractive in natural color.
Weight: 40 Ib./cu. ft.
Price: Inexpensive.
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botanical Name: Cary a 5pp.
For strength, hardness and flexibility, hickory is the best commercially available wood in North America. It is used for tool handles, such as axes and mauls, and for sporting equipment. Even its wood chips are useful; they are often used in smoking meat.
Other Names: Shagbark hickory, pignut hickory, mocker - nut hickory, red hickory, white hickory.
Source: Eastern U. S.A.
Characteristics: Normally straight grain, but can be irregular or wavy, coarse texture; brown to reddish-brown heartwood; white sapwood.
Uses: Sporting equipment, bentwood furniture, chairs, striking handles, plywood and veneers.
Workability: Difficult; blunts cutting edges moderately; when planing irregular grain, reduce blade’s cutting angle; very good bending properties.
Finishing: Accepts finishes well.
Weight: 51 Ib./cu. ft.
Price: Inexpensive.
Botanical Name: Ilex spp.
A close-grained, almost white wood, with virtually no visible figure, holly is valued for inlay work. Holly veneer, dyed black, substitutes for ebony. Very little of this timber is cut each year, making it a difficult wood to obtain. Sprigs of holly, however, with their shiny leaves and red berries, are common Christmas decorations. Other Names: White holly.
Sources: Europe, U. S.A. and western Asia. Characteristics: Irregulargrain; fine, even texture; white to grayish-white; prone to blue stain.
Uses: Ornate turnings, musical instruments, inlay, marquetry and veneers.
Workability: Difficult; keep cutting edges very sharp and reduce cutting angle of plane blade.
Finishing: Accepts finishes very well.
Weight: 55-50 Ib./cu. ft.
Price: Expensive.
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