Modeling Solar Radiation at the Earth’s Surface

Classification of the Solar Irradiances to Typical Days

4.2 A Survey of Existing Methods

Modeling random fluctuations of the solar irradiance has already been the object of several studies published in the literature. These are based mostly on the ran­dom processes. The Markovian approaches in particular, contributed extensively to this modeling. One can see for example, the works of Brinkworth (1977), Bartoli et al. (1981), Lestienne et al. (1979), Aguiar et al. (1988) and Maafi (1991). This last reference treated the problem of the classification of the insolation and the daily irradiation indirectly by joining them to the states of the sky: clear sky, covered sky, etc. (Maafi 1991, 1998).

Other statistical methods were used for classification of typical meteorological days such as automatic classification (Bouroubi 1998), the analysis of the correla­tions (Louche and al. 1991) and the Ward’s method (Muselli et al. 1991).

More recent studies are interested by the modeling of the random character of the solar radiation using neural networks (Guessoum et al. 1998; Sfetsos and Coonick 2000). In addition to the originality of these new approaches, these studies aim to value the contribution of their formalisms in the description of the solar radiation fluctuating character.

However, very few works treating the classification of the solar radiation signals using the fractal analysis were published (Maafi and Harrouni 2000, 2003; Harrouni and Guessoum 2003; Harrouni and Maafi 2002; Louche et al. 1991). In this section the contribution of the fractal analysis to the classification of the solar irradiance sig­nals is given. This examination leads to the determination of different sky types in a given time interval as: clear sky, partially covered sky, covered sky etc. which is use­ful for planning and analyzing solar energy systems. Hence, a classification method is proposed which allows the categorization of the solar radiation fluctuations based on the fractal dimension (Harrouni et al. 2005).

Modeling Solar Radiation at the Earth’s Surface

Quality Assessment Based Upon Comparison with Models

Many models based on the physics of radiation transfer through the clear atmo­sphere have been developed (Lacis and Hansen 1974; Atwater and Ball 1978; Hoyt 1978; Bird and Hulstrom 1981a, …

Solar Horizontal Diffuse and Beam Irradiation on Clear Days

There exist a number of models to determine the solar horizontal diffuse irradia­tion on a clear day (Kondratyev 1969) but they are complex and have very stringent conditions. Similarly, there …

Foreword

Reading the twenty chapters of this book caused me mixed reactions, though all were positive. My responses were shaped by several factors. Although I have main­tained a “watching brief’ on …

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